It is widely believed that no common English word is a full rhyme for orange, though there are half rhymes, such as hinge, lozenge, syringe, and porridge, and slang or otherwise uncommon words exist. The color eventually came to be associated with Protestantism, as a result of the participation by the House of Orange on the Protestant side in the French Wars of Religion, the Irish campaigns, and the Dutch Eighty Years' War. Some time after the sixteenth century, though, the color orange was adopted as a canting symbol of the House of Orange-Nassau. The Principality of Orange was named for this place and not for the color. The Roman-Celtic settlement was founded in 36 or 35 BC and originally named Arausio, after a Celtic water god. The place name Orange has a separate etymology. The initial n was lost through rebracketing in Italian and French, though some varieties of Arabic lost the n earlier.
From there the word entered Persian نارنگ nārang and then Arabic نارنج nāranj. The word ultimately derives from a Dravidian language – possibly Tamil நாரம் nāram or Telugu నారింజ nāriṃja or Malayalam നാരങ്ങ nāraŋŋa - via Sanskrit नारङ्ग nāraṅgaḥ "orange tree". Although pume orenge is attested earlier than melarancio in available written sources, lexicographers believe that the Italian word is actually older. It is generally thought that Old French calqued the Italian melarancio ("fruit of the orange tree", with mela "fruit") as pume orenge (with pume "fruit"). Other sources cite the first recorded use as 1512, in a will now filed with the Public Record Office. The first recorded use of orange as a colour name in English was in 1502, in a description of clothing purchased for Margaret Tudor. The earliest recorded use of the word in English is from the 13th century and referred to the fruit. The word orange entered Middle English from Old French and Anglo-Norman orenge.
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